Usage:

Unreeling: Remove rope properly from reels to prevent kinking. The rope should be removed by pulling it off the top while the reel is free to rotate. To proceed in any other manner may cause kinks or strand distortion.

Handling: Never stand in line with rope under tension. If a rope fails it can recoil with lethal force. Synthetic rope has higher recoil tendencies than natural fiber rope. Reverse rope ends regularly. This permits even wearing and assures a longer, useful life. When using tackle or slings, apply a steady, even pull to get full strength from rope.

Caution: Overloading and Use of Working Loads:
Because of the wide range of rope use, exposure to the several factors affecting rope behavior, and the degree of risk to life and property involved, it is impossible to make blanket recommendations as to working loads. However, to provide guidelines, working loads are tabulated for rope in good condition with appropriate splices, in non-critical applications and under normal service conditions.

A higher working load may be selected only with expert knowledge of conditions and professional estimate of risk and if the rope has not been subject to dynamic loading or other excessive use, has been inspected and found to be in good condition and is to be used in the recommended manner and the applications does not involve elevated temperatures, extended periods under load or obvious dynamic loading (see explanation below) such as sudden drops, snubs, or pickups. For all such applications and for applications involving more serious exposure conditions, or for recommendations on special applications, consult the manufacturer. Many uses of rope involve serious risk of injury to personnel or damage to valuable property. This danger is often obvious, as when a heavy load is supported above one or more workers. An equally dangerous situation occurs if personnel are in line with a rope under tension. Should the rope fail, it may recoil with lethal force. Persons should be warned against the serious danger or standing in line with any rope under tension.

In all cases where such risks are present, or there is any question about the loads involved or the conditions of use, the working load should be substantially reduced and the rope properly inspected.

Dynamic Loading Voids Normal Working Load:
Normal working loads are not applicable when rope is subject to significant dynamic loading. Instantaneous changes in load, up or down, in excess of 10% of the line’s rated working load constitutes hazardous shock load and would void normal working loads. Whenever a load is picked up, stopped, or swung there is an increased force due to dynamic loading. The more rapidly or suddenly such actions occur, the greater the increase will be. In extreme cases, the force put on the rope may be two, three or even more times the normal load involved. Examples could be picking up a tow on a slack line or using a rope to stop a falling object. Therefore, in all such applications such as towing lines, lifelines, safety lines, climbing ropes, etc., working loads as given DO NOT APPLY.

Users should be aware that dynamic effects are greater on a low elongation rope such as polyester than on a high elongation rope such as nylon, and greater on a shorter rope than on a longer one. The working load ratings listed contain provision for very modest dynamic loads. This means, however, that when the working load has been used to select a rope, the load must be handled slowly and smoothly to minimize effect and avoid exceeding provision for them.

Example: A load of 3500 lbs. is being lowered using 5/8 diameter Double Esterlon, which has a maximum recommended working load of 4000 lbs., with 15 feet of line payed out the line is accidentally slipped - dropping the load one foot before arresting the fall.

Question: How much energy did the rope have to absorb, what was the maximum load on the rope, and has the rope been overloaded or damaged?

work done (Ft. Lbs.) - (weight)(length of fall) = 3500 Ft. Lbs.

rated maximum working energy absorption

capacity = (weight of the rope in use)(working energy absorption capacity for the type of line being used)

From the data page Double Esterlon has a working energy absorption capacity of 544 ft. lbs. per pound of rope and a weight of 13.7 lbs. per 100 ft. or .137 lbs./ft.

rated maximum working energy absorption capacity of 16 ft. of 5/8 Double Esterlon =(16 ft.)(544 ft. lbs./lb.) = 1192 ft. lbs.

In this example, 2.19 lbs. of rope (16 ft. x .137 lbs./ft.) in use must absorb 3500 ft. lobs., or 3500 ÷ 2.19 lbs. equals 1596 ft. lbs./lb. of rope. The right column indicates ft. lbs. of energy absorbed in capacity per pound of rope. Corresponding to 1596 ft. lbs./lb., you will find that the rope was loaded to approximately 48% of rated BS. From the data table, 48% of the 5/8" diameter Double Esterlon’s strength (16,000 lbs.) is 7680 lbs.

In this example the maximum working energy absorption capacity has been exceeded by nearly 3 times. The actual load on the rope reached 7680 lbs. or 3680 lbs. in excess of the maximum working load of 4000 lbs. Although difficult to quantify, some degree of the rope’s integrity has been compromised and prudent safety practice would call for downgrading or discarding the line. If in our example the load had fallen 7 feet instead of 1 foot, the rope would have broken.

Abrasion: Avoid all abrasive conditions. All rope will be severely damaged if subjected to rough surfaces or sharp edges. Chocks, bits, winches, drums and other surfaces must be kept in good condition and free of burrs and rust. Pulley must be free to rotate and should be of proper size to avoid excessive wear. Clamps and similar devices will damage and weaken the rope and should be used with extreme caution. Do not drag rope over rough ground. Dirt and grit picked up by rope can work into the strands, cutting the inside fibers.

Chemicals: Avoid chemical exposure. Rope is subject to damage by chemicals. Consult the manufacturer for specific chemical exposure, such as solvents, acids, and alkalies. This is particularly true for natural fiber rope. Consult the manufacturer for recommendations when a rope will be used where chemical exposure (either fumes or actual contact) can occur.

Temperature: Effect on tensile strength. The tensile strength charts apply to ropes tested at normal room temperature (70°F). Ropes have lower tensile strengths at higher temperatures 30% (or more) lower at the boiling point of water (212°F) and continuing on down to zero strengths for nylon and polyester at 480°F and 300°F for polypropylene. Also continued exposure at elevated temperatures can melt and part synthetic ropes or cause permanent damage.

Splicing: Join rope by splicing. Knots can decrease rope strength by as much as 60%. Use the manufacturers
recommended splices for maximum efficiency. Other terminations can be used but their strength loss with a particular type of rope and construction should be determined and not assumed.

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Storage And Care:
All rope should be stored clean, dry, out of direct sunlight, and away from extreme heat. Some synthetic rope (Particularly polypropylene, polyethylene, and aramid) may be severely weakened by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet (UV) rays unless specifically stabilized and/or pigmented to increase its UV resistance. UV degradation is indicated by discoloration and the presence of splinters and slivers on the surface of the rope.

Formulas to determine reel and storage capacities:
Use inch reel dimensions.

Rope length		(traverse width)(flange diameter2- barrel diameter2)
feet		(16)(rope diameter2)

Formulas to determine bin capacity: V=C2xLxR

Where	V = volume in cubic inches
	C = rope circumference in inches
	L = length of rope in feet
	R = 1.58 for carefully stored rope or 2.0 for random packing.

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Inspection:
Avoid using rope that shows signs of aging and wear. If in doubt, destroy the used rope. If there is any question, destroy the used rope. No type of visual inspection can be gurarnteed to accurately and precisely determine actual residual strength. When the fibers show wear in any given area the rope should be respliced, eliminating the damaged area, downgraded or replaced.

Check the line regularly for frayed strands and broken yarns. Pulled strands should be rethreaded into the rope if possible. A pulled strand can snag during a rope operation.

Both outer and inner rope fibers contribute the strength of the rope. When either is worn, the rope is compacted or hard which indicates reduced strength.

The dielectric strength of rope in this condition is also reduced.

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Use & Instructions:
Instructions:
The information contained herein is not exhaustive and specifications are subject to change in accordance with the CE regulations. Individuals using these products should be trained or under the direct supervision of a trained expert in the use of these ropes.

USE:
Yale’s static Arborist climbing lines are designed for use as general-purpose Arborist climbing lines and tree surgery rope. They are not for use in a personal fall arrest system and should always be used in conjunction with ascending, descending and safety hardware and devices for positioning work.

STORAGE and CARE:
To ensure safety and performance, the inspection and maintenance of climbing and lifting lines should be among every arborists primary concern.

1. Inspect all ropes for breaks, cuts, abrasion and melted or fused fiber prior to each use.
2. Wash ropes periodically to remove dirt and grit. Simply rinse lines with a garden hose, and allow them to air dry. DO NOT use solvents, bleach, or harsh detergents when washing lines, and never apply a heat source when drying. Improper handling and care can dramatically alter the properties of a rope.
3. Coil rope loosely, for storage, being sure to remove any excess twists or kinks. To maximize rope life, always store each line in a dark dry place.

ROPE WEAR and OBSOLESCENCE:
Upon examination of the rope, if damage is found, remove the rope from service, retire it immediately, cut it into small pieces and discard it, then replace it with an undamaged line.

Excessive wear may be indicated by broken or cut strands that reduce the ropes strength throughout the length and not just the area of damage. As a general rule, retire the rope when more than 3 broken or cut strands are visible, or if two adjacent strands are compromised.

Excessive wear can also be indicated by melted or fused fibers, which is generally the result of an abused rope. The melted or fused polyester fibers result from surface temperatures over 480 degrees F, caused by excessive load weights, rapid descents or a hot exhaust heat source. The damaged fibers will compromise the rope strength and it should be retired immediately.

Normal wear is indicated by the appearance of small fuzzy fiber breaks on the rope, that creates a fuzzy texture known as "mild abrasion". This is considered good wear and will not effect the performance of the rope. The nubby surface actually protects the underlying fiber from further wear.

Chemical attack or contamination of the rope may produce localized discolorations caused by anything from gear and chain oil to gasoline and battery acid. If any doubt exists whether or not the rope has been contaminated it should be retired.

Abrasion of the rope should always be avoided. All ropes will be severely damaged if subjected to rough surfaces or sharp edges. Chocks, bits, winches, drums and other surfaces should be kept clean and free of rust and burrs. Ensure proper functioning, size and condition of pulleys used. Clamps and locks will damage and weaken rope and should be used with extreme caution.

TEMPERATURE:
The tensile strengths of the ropes tested were done at room temperature (70 F). Higher temperatures lower the tensile strengths of the rope. At the boiling point of water (212 F) a decrease in strength of 30% or higher can result.

TERMINATION:
Splicing of the Arborist lines should be done by qualified individuals only.

PERFORMANCE:
The Arborist ropes mentioned in this information package have been CE marked in accordance with the clauses indicated in EC directive 89/686/EEC Annex II and the paragraphs of EN1891: (1998) as detailed in Technical File 001, Rev 3. These ropes are intended for static climbing and lowering applications only. Working loads and ultimate strengths apply only to new or like new ropes in good condition used under normal service, which have not been subjected to excessive wear or used in critical applications. Overloading of the rope is never recommended and can dramatically reduce a ropes capabilities and life.

Dynamic loading or shock loading the rope constitutes excessive wear and voids normal working loads, the rope should be retired. Instantaneous changes in load, up or down, in excess of 10% of the lines rated working load constitutes a hazardous shock load. Whenever a load is picked up, stopped or swung there is an increase in the force on the rope due to dynamic loading. The more sudden the change in load is, the greater the force put on the line is.

MARKING:
The CE accreditation is awarded after meeting the applicable technical standards described in the performance section. And having exhibited robust production processing and the Quality Assurance procedures necessary to ensure a reproducible process that includes traceabilty and in house testing.

EC Type – examination by: SGS Yarsley ICS, CAMBERLEY, SURREY, GU15 3EY UK (Notified Body No. 0120)

The ropes included in the CE standard have been marked at both ends in accordance with aforementioned standard with the following- the rope type (A or B), the diameter in millimeters, the European standard number, the last 2 digits of the year of manufacture, YALE and the batch or serial number of the rope.

An ID marker has also been utilized and includes our name, the European standard number, the rope type, the year of manufacture and the materials that make up the rope.

SHIPPING:
No special packaging is necessary for transportation. Hanks should be bagged or boxed to prevent snags and maintain cleanliness and reels should receive standard wraps, covers or boxed as necessary.

WARNING:
If in doubt of the ropes condition or previous usage retire the rope immediately. Not all damage to a rope is visible. A single shock load or a load over its rated working load can greatly reduce a ropes performance and result in damage, serious injury or death. Tree surgery is inherently dangerous and the improper use or selection of your equipment can be fatal. Only trained experts or users under the direction of an expert should be using these products. These ropes do conduct electricity especially when damp or wet. Avoid contact with all overhead cables and consult the local electrical authority for information.

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Wire Core Flip Line Instructions

INSTRUCTIONS:
The information contained herein is not exhaustive and specifications are subject to change in accordance with the CE regulations. Individuals using these products should be trained or under the direct supervision of a trained expert in the use of these lines.

USE:
Yale’s Wire Core Flip lines are designed for use as work positioning lanyards. They are not for use as a personal fall arrest system and should always be used in conjunction with an approved Arborist climbing saddle. Never use for another purpose.

STORAGE and CARE:
To ensure safety and performance, the inspection and maintenance of your wire core flip lines should be among every arborists primary concern.

1. Inspect all lines for breaks, cuts, abrasion, melted or fused fiber and wire fray, wire kinks or breaks prior to each use. Inspect all hardware for function and damage prior to use
2. Cleaning of the wire core sleeve periodically to remove dirt and grit will ensure a good grip on the line. Do not soak the lines in water. Simply moisten a clean cloth and wipe down the sleeving and allow them to air dry. DO NOT use solvents, bleach, or harsh detergents when washing lines, and never apply a heat source when drying. Improper handling and care can dramatically alter the properties of a line.
3. Coil the line loosely for storage, being sure to remove any excess twists or kinks. To maximize the flip lines life, always store each line in a dark dry place.

LINE WEAR and OBSOLESCENCE:
Upon examination of the line, if damage is found, remove the line from service, retire it immediately, discard it, then replace it with an undamaged line.

Excessive wear may be indicated by broken or cut fiber strands that reduce the sleeves strength throughout the length and not just the area of damage. As a general rule, retire the line when more than 3 broken or cut strands are visible on the sleeve, or if two adjacent strands are compromised.

Any sign of wire abrasion, broken strands or kinks in the wire are cause for retirement.

Excessive wear can also be indicated by melted or fused fibers, which is generally the result of an abused rope. The melted or fused polyester fibers result from surface temperatures over 480 degrees F., caused by excessive load weights, rapid descents or a hot exhaust heat source.

The damaged fibers will compromise the strength of the sleeve and it should be retired immediately.

Normal wear is indicated by the appearance of small fuzzy fiber breaks on the sleeve, which creates a fuzzy texture. Known as "mild abrasion" this is considered good wear and will not effect the performance of the flip line. The nubby surface actually protects the underlying fiber from further wear.

Chemical attack or contamination of the line may produce localized discoloration’s caused by anything from gear and chain oil to gasoline and battery acid. If any doubt exists whether or not the line has been contaminated it should be retired. A chemical attack can corrode and weaken the wire core of the flip line and may not be visible under the sleeve.

Abrasion of the line should always be avoided. All lines will be severely damaged if subjected to rough surfaces or sharp edges. Adjusters and Prussic loops need to be clean and free of burrs to prevent damage. Clamps and locks will damage and weaken rope and should be used with extreme caution.

Small bend radii and sharp edges can cause crimps and or kinks in the line and should always be avoided.

All hardware should be inspected prior to use for proper functioning, burrs, deformation and cracks. Improper snap lock function could cause serious injury or death! Retire any questionable line.

TEMPERATURE:
The tensile strengths of the sleeves tested were done at room temperature (70 F). Higher temperatures lower the tensile strengths of the sleeve. The wire core is not effected by variations in the normal temperature range of use.

TERMINATION:
Splicing of the Wire Core Flip lines should be done by qualified individuals only.

PERFORMANCE:
The arborist lines mentioned in this information package have been CE marked in accordance with the clauses indicated in EC directive 89/686/EEC Annex II and the paragraphs of EN358: (1999) as detailed in Technical File 002, Rev 1. These lines are intended for work positioning applications only.

Working loads and ultimate strengths apply only to new or like new lines in good condition used under normal service, which have not been subjected to excessive wear or used in critical applications. Overloading of the line is never recommended and can dramatically reduce its capabilities and life.

Dynamic loading or shock loading the line constitutes excessive wear and voids normal working loads, the line should be retired. Instantaneous changes in load in excess of 10% of the lines rated working load constitute a hazardous shock load. Whenever a load is stopped there is an increase in the force on the line due to dynamic loading. The more sudden the change in load is, the greater the force put on the line is.

TEST	1/2"	5/8"	3/4"
Material (sleeve)	Polyester/Olefin	Polyester/Olefin	Polyester/Olefin
Material (core)	5.8mm, 7x19 galv. Wire	5.8mm, 7x19 galv. Wire	5.8mm, 7x19 galv. Wire
Diameter (mm)	13	18	20
Static Strength kN	>22	>22	>22
Dynamic strength - EN358	1 meter fall pass	1 meter fall pass	1 meter fall pass
Connectors	15kN No damage	15kN No damage	15kN No damage

MARKING:
The CE accreditation is awarded after meeting the applicable technical standards described in the performance section. And having exhibited robust production processing and the Quality Assurance procedures necessary to ensure a reproducible process that includes traceabilty and in house testing.

EC Type – examination by: SGS Yarsley ICS, CAMBERLEY, SURREY, GU15 3EY UK (Notified Body No. 0120)

The lines included in the CE standard have been marked in accordance with aforementioned standard with the following- the European standard number, the year and month of manufacture, YALE and the batch or serial number of the rope, product PN and material

SHIPPING:
No special packaging is necessary for transportation. Flip Lines should be bagged or boxed to prevent snags and maintain cleanliness.

WARNING:
If in doubt of the Flip Lines condition or previous usage retire it immediately. Visual inspection prior to use is a necessity. A single shock load or a load over its rated working load can greatly reduce a lines performance and result in damage, serious injury or death. Do not modify or link lines together. Tree surgery is inherently dangerous and the improper use or selection of your equipment can be fatal. Only trained experts or users under the direction of an expert should be using these products. These lines do conduct electricity. Avoid contact with all overhead cables and consult the local electrical authority for information. Do not use the flip lines if there is an energized conductor within 10’. Use in conjunction with all necessary safety hardware.